16Hit1600
Problem-Solving and Data AnalysisHardFifth value from a known mean

Problem-Solving and Data Analysis practice question

Five friends recorded how many books each read last year. Four of them read 12, 15, 15, and 18 books. If the mean for all five friends was 16 books, how many books did the fifth friend read?

Answer: 20

A mean of 16 across five people means a total of 80. The four known values sum to 60, so the fifth is 80 − 60 = 20.

Common wrong answers

If you answered 15
15 is the mode of the known values, not the missing one.
If you answered 16
16 is the mean itself; the fifth value must pull the total up to 80.
If you answered 80
80 is the total for all five, not the fifth friend's count.

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