Problem-Solving and Data AnalysisHardProbability from a two-way table (marginal)
Problem-Solving and Data Analysis practice question
Dogs — young: 30, adult: 42
Cats — young: 18, adult: 30
The table shows 120 pets at a shelter by type and age group. If one pet is chosen at random, what is the probability that it is young?
- A. 2/5Correct
- B. 3/10
- C. 1/4
- D. 3/5
Answer: A. 2/5
Young pets: 30 + 18 = 48. Probability: 48/120 = 2/5.
Why the other answers are wrong
- B. 3/10
- 3/10 would need 36 young pets; there are 48.
- C. 1/4
- 1/4 is 30/120, counting only the young dogs.
- D. 3/5
- 3/5 is the probability the pet is an adult (72/120).
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