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Standard English ConventionsMediumComma before a closing participial phrase

Standard English Conventions practice question

The train left on time ____ arriving in Leeds a few minutes before noon.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

  1. A. , arrivingCorrect
  2. B. arriving
  3. C. ; arriving
  4. D. . Arriving

Answer: A. , arriving

'arriving in Leeds...' is a participial phrase that adds information about the train's journey. At the end of a sentence it is set off with a comma.

Why the other answers are wrong

B. arriving
Without a comma, 'on time arriving' runs together awkwardly.
C. ; arriving
A semicolon needs a complete clause on each side; the participial phrase isn't one.
D. . Arriving
'Arriving in Leeds a few minutes before noon' is a fragment.

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