16Hit1600
Standard English ConventionsHardFuture perfect with 'by next year'

Standard English Conventions practice question

By next spring the company ____ its hundredth store.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

  1. A. will have openedCorrect
  2. B. has opened
  3. C. opened
  4. D. had opened

Answer: A. will have opened

'By next spring' points to a future deadline. An action completed before a future point takes the future perfect: 'will have opened'.

Why the other answers are wrong

B. has opened
'has opened' says it has already happened, but 'next spring' is in the future.
C. opened
'opened' is simple past.
D. had opened
'had opened' is past perfect, for something completed before a PAST point.

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