16Hit1600
Problem-Solving and Data AnalysisVery hardComparing precision of two estimates

Problem-Solving and Data Analysis practice question

Two random samples estimate the mean height of trees in two woods. Wood P: mean 14.0 m, margin of error 0.5 m, from 400 trees. Wood Q: mean 14.6 m, margin of error 2.0 m, from 25 trees. Which statement is most appropriate?

  1. A. Wood P's mean is estimated more precisely, and because the intervals overlap the data do not establish which wood has taller trees on average.Correct
  2. B. Wood Q's trees are definitely taller on average.
  3. C. The two woods have exactly the same mean height.
  4. D. Wood Q's estimate is more precise because its mean is larger.

Answer: A. Wood P's mean is estimated more precisely, and because the intervals overlap the data do not establish which wood has taller trees on average.

P's interval is 13.5–14.5; Q's is 12.6–16.6. They overlap, and P's is narrower.

Why the other answers are wrong

B. Wood Q's trees are definitely taller on average.
Overlapping intervals do not settle which is taller.
C. The two woods have exactly the same mean height.
Overlap doesn't prove equality.
D. Wood Q's estimate is more precise because its mean is larger.
Precision depends on the margin, which is larger for Q.

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