Expression of IdeasVery hardPresenting a finding and a limitation on its interpretation
Expression of Ideas practice question
While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:
- A study compared 1,000 people who drink coffee daily with 1,000 who do not.
- The coffee drinkers had 15 percent fewer cases of a certain illness.
- Coffee drinkers in the study were also younger on average.
- The illness is more common in older people.
The student wants to report the finding while explaining why it may not show that coffee prevents the illness.
Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
- A. Daily coffee drinkers in the study had 15 percent fewer cases of the illness, but because they were also younger on average, and the illness is more common in older people, age rather than coffee may explain the difference.Correct
- B. Daily coffee drinkers had 15 percent fewer cases of the illness.
- C. Coffee drinkers in the study were younger on average.
- D. The study compared 1,000 people with 1,000 others.
Answer: A. Daily coffee drinkers in the study had 15 percent fewer cases of the illness, but because they were also younger on average, and the illness is more common in older people, age rather than coffee may explain the difference.
Finding, then the confound.
Why the other answers are wrong
- B. Daily coffee drinkers had 15 percent fewer cases of the illness.
- No caveat.
- C. Coffee drinkers in the study were younger on average.
- The caveat without the finding.
- D. The study compared 1,000 people with 1,000 others.
- Method only.
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