Standard English ConventionsVery hardRestrictive participial phrase takes no commas
Standard English Conventions practice question
Of the four bridges across the river, the one ____ is the oldest.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
- A. built in 1790Correct
- B. built in 1790,
- C. , built in 1790,
- D. , built in 1790
Answer: A. built in 1790
"built in 1790" identifies which of the four bridges is meant, so it is restrictive and takes no commas.
Why the other answers are wrong
- B. built in 1790,
- A single comma cuts the subject "the one built in 1790" from its verb.
- C. , built in 1790,
- Paired commas make the phrase nonessential, but without it "the one" has no meaning.
- D. , built in 1790
- One comma opens a nonessential phrase that is never closed.
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