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Advanced MathMediumChoosing a decay model

Advanced Math practice question

A cup of coffee is 40 degrees above room temperature, and the difference decreases by 15% every 5 minutes. Which function gives the temperature difference D after t minutes?

  1. A. D(t) = 40(0.85)^(t/5)Correct
  2. B. D(t) = 40(0.15)^(t/5)
  3. C. D(t) = 40(0.85)ᵗ
  4. D. D(t) = 40 − 6t

Answer: A. D(t) = 40(0.85)^(t/5)

Each 5-minute period keeps 85%: exponent t/5 counts the periods.

Why the other answers are wrong

B. D(t) = 40(0.15)^(t/5)
0.15 keeps 15%, an 85% decrease.
C. D(t) = 40(0.85)ᵗ
An exponent of t applies the 15% drop every minute instead of every 5 minutes.
D. D(t) = 40 − 6t
40 − 6t is linear, subtracting 15% of the original each period.

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